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The British dependency of the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic had been a subject of dispute between the UK and Argentina since Britain occupied the territory in the early nineteenth century. In April 1982, Argentina invaded and occupied the Falkland Islands. The invasion was condemned by the United Nations Security Council, which passed a resolution for Argentina to withdraw.Although the British Foreign Office was caught by surprise, the U ...
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John Major succeeded Margaret Thatcher as prime minister in 1990. Although Major\'s leadership of the Conservative Party and Cabinet was criticised in many quarters as weak, his administration was punctuated by a series of significant policy initiatives. Within months of taking office he successfully steered the government through conflict in the Gulf.In December 1991, he negotiated an opt-out for Britain at the later stages of the European Monet ...
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Iraq has laid claims to Kuwait, a small oil-rich state in the Persian Gulf, ever since its creation in the late 1950s, when Britain granted it independence. Mounting war debts incurred by an internecine war with neighbouring Iran, the falling world price of oil, and the arguable provocation of a build-up of American troops in Saudi Arabia, led Iraq to invade and annex Kuwait on 2 August 1990. A coalition of 28 nations, led by the USA and includin ...
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Tony Blair became prime minister in May 1997. The Labour landslide gave the party a greater opportunity than at any time since 1945. Blair\'s Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown, proved to be fiscally conservative, and the generally favourable economic conditions inherited from the previous administration helped to ensure that the Government did not experience the economic difficulties which had challenged previous Labour administrations. B ...
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The Good Friday agreement of 1998 resulted from negotiations between representatives of a broad cross-section of political groups in Northern Ireland. It provided for no change in the status of the North except by majority consent; the devolution of a variety of powers to a Northern Ireland Assembly; a North-South Ministerial Council; and a British-Irish Council, which would also include representatives from other parts of the British Isles. The ...
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In early 1998 large-scale fighting broke out in Kosovo, formerly an autonomous region within Serbia, between the Serbian government and Kosovar Albanians seeking independence. Although a ceasefire was agreed in October 1998 to allow refugees to find shelter and a European verification mission was deployed, violence continued. A peace conference, held in Paris, broke up on 19 March 1999 with the refusal of the Serbian delegation to accept the prop ...
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From 500 BC to 795 AD the Celts were the exclusive tribe of the island. They were not the first inhabitants. But when they arrived they assimitlated with the native people. Most of the Celts were, tall and blond and they learned to work with iron. they lived scattered on farms with high walls around. There were no urban centres and the economic basis of society was cattel rearing and agriculture. The Celts had no central political organisation, ...
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At the end of the eighth century broad ships reached the Irish coast, wich were able to resist wild storms. Those ships belonged to the Vikings, Scandanavian people from today`s Norway and Denmark. They sailed upstream and invlicted devastation. The Vikings plundered and destroyed monasteries, and killed all the monks and every Irish person they saw.
In 841 AD the Vikings conquered two harbours, Anagassan and Dublin, and changed them into f ...
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By 1166, there was widespread civil unrest. The king of Leister ( the biggest of the five ares) Rory O`Connor lost power and went to England to ask for help. Henry II. ( king of England) was glad to find a reason to interfere in Irish matters and so he allowed Leincester`s king to enlist soldiers from Wales. In 1170 a small but well equiped army arrived let by Strongbow (an Anglo-Norman adventurer). His modern weapons were far superior to any ...
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Henry VII. repieled the autonomy of the Irish parliament in 1494. Now every English law was also in force in Ireland; this resolution was called " Poynings Acts". It subjected the meetings and legislative drafts of the Irish Parliament to control of the English king and council. At the time of the Reformation Henry XIII. broke all relations with the Pope. He forbade all monastic orders, including the Irish and confiscated their estates. The Iri ...
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Because the fear of the French and local rebellions, Enland and Ireland came closer and had an act of Union in1801.That provided that Ireland would have in the United Kingdom about a one-fifth of representation of Great Britain.
In 1829, the "Catholic Emanicipation Act" declared that Catholics and the Protestants should have the same voting and other rights. Now Catholic Irish people were able to attend the "House of Lords" and the "House o ...
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The Easter Rebellion, an uprising of Irish nationalists in Dublin on Easter Monday,1916, was doomed to failure, in part because of limited support from Irish people. Britain`s overreaction, however, including the execution of 15 Irish nationalist leaders, set the stage for Sinn Fein to replace Home Rule as the dominant political party. Founded in 1902 by Athur Griffith, a Dublin journalist, Sinn Fein called for Ireland to become a Republic in ...
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A peace agrement was reached between the Republicans and the Irish goverment. This agreement devided the country into two self-govering areas Northern and Southern Ireland.
Northern Ireland (6 counties in Ulster) and Republic of Eire (23 counties + 3 in Ulster). The two new states had their own parliaments, but nevertheless Northern Ireland was part of United Kingdom.The IRA ( Irish Republic Army) refused to accept this devision and there w ...
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In 1937 De Valera created a new constitution.This document abolished the Irish Free State and established Eire as a "sovereign independent democratic state". The constitution provided for an elected president as head of state; a prime minister as head of government; and a two house legislature. In 1938 Douglas Hyde became the first president of Eire and De Valera became prime minister.
In 1949, the 30th anniversary of Easter Rebellion, Eire ...
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The most people are thinking, that the Civil War was only fought to free the slaves which are caught in the South. But that\'s wrong!
What was happening in this time?
The United States had been an community, built by several independent states. She was parted in two different groups. At one side was the industrial North and on the other side was the agricultural South.
Based by this, the positions of force was absolutely clear. The South was ...
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At the end of World War II, the USSR had the largest army, the world had ever seen. But Mother Russia was destroyed just as completely Europe.
27 Mio. Soviets were killed and 70000 Russian villages were burned down.
6 Mio. Jews were killed in concentration camps.
Great Britain became totally impoverished.
20 % of the Polish population were dead.
In contrast to all the negative effects, the USA became the largest industry power in hi ...
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In February 1947, Britain informed the United States that London is ending aid to Greece and Turkey. U.S. President Harry Truman then seized the moment. Truman successfully authorized $400 million in aid for Turkey and Greece.
He also established the Truman Doctrine -- a clear distinction between the capitalist and communist worlds.
During George Marshall's (Minister of foreign affairs since 21.1.47) journey through Europe, he recognized the ...
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Berlin after World War II : Nearly everything was destroyed, not one house to see which wasn't damaged by the bombs. At night it was bombed by GB, at day by USA. Berlin was divided into 4 zones. A British, French, Soviet and American. The only place where capitalist and communist forces came into direct contact. To integrate Germany into the western world, USA planned to introduce the "Deutsche Mark". It was realized on June the 18th '48. The So ...
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The surrender of Japan at the end of World War II also meant an end to 35 years of Japanese occupation in Korea. As they had in Germany, Soviet and U.S. troops liberated Korea -- and agreed to divide the nation along the 38th parallel as a temporary measure. But as both sides withdrew their troops, they also set up rival governments, creating the Democratic People\'s Republic of Korea in the North, and the Republic of Korea in the South.
Meanwhi ...
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In August 1949, the United States found itself shocked to discover the Soviet Union has broken Washington\'s atomic monopoly. The new Soviet bomb was developed quickly, thanks to the acquisition of U.S. atomic secrets by Soviet agents. The bomb also signaled the start of the nuclear arms race between the Cold War rivals.
The consideration to build a bomb with unlimited explosive yield, fascinated and shocked U.S. scientists at the same time and ...
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