A group of Lollard supporting knights close to the centres of power had existed since the 1380s. By the accession of Henry V (1413-22), persecution by the bishops and the royal courts had taken a heavy toll on the religious dissidents. So, in 1414, a desperate rebellion under Sir John Oldcastle occurred but was easily put down by the king. Oldcastle himself was executed as a traitor and heretic in 1417.
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