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Daughter of the Katherine of Aragon, Mary (1553-58) became queen in 1553. Determined to return the country to its religious position at the beginning of her father\'s reign, Mary agreed to marry Philip II of Spain. By the end of 1554, and despite protest, England had a Spanish king, and was once again subject to the Pope. Some 300 people were burnt for heresy including several leading churchmen and even Archbishop Cranmer of Canterbury (who was burnt at the stake in Oxford).Mary undertook military action on the continent in support of Spanish ambition. Although the English forces came close to capturing Paris in August 1557, within six months they had been forced back and, on 7 January 1558, Calais - the last English continental possession - fell to the French
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